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Programming in Fortran M

Ian Foster Robert Olson Steven Tuecke

Version 2.0: August 30, 1994

Fortran M is a small set of extensions to Fortran that supports a modular approach to the construction of sequential and parallel programs. Fortran M programs use channels to plug together processes which may be written in Fortran M or Fortran 77. Processes communicate by sending and receiving messages on channels. Channels and processes can be created dynamically, but programs remain deterministic unless specialized nondeterministic constructs are used. Fortran M programs can execute on a range of sequential, parallel, and networked computers. This report incorporates both a tutorial introduction to Fortran M and a users guide for the Fortran M compiler developed at Argonne National Laboratory.The Fortran M compiler, supporting software, and documentation are made available free of charge by Argonne National Laboratory, but are protected by a copyright which places certain restrictions on how they may be redistributed. See the software for details. The latest version of both the compiler and this manual can be obtained by anonymous ftp from Argonne National Laboratory in the directory pub/fortran-m at info.mcs.anl.gov(cf. Appendix B) . This manual is also available on the World Wide Web at http://www.mcs.anl.gov/fortran-m.

Preface

• Contents
• Tutorial
  • Introduction
    • About Fortran M
    • About the Fortran M Compiler
    • About the Fortran M Project
    • Caveat
  • A First Example
    • A Simple Program
    • Compiling and Linking a Program
    • Running a Program
  • The Fortran M Language
    • Processes and Ports
    • Creating Channels and Processes
      • The CHANNEL Statement
      • The Process Block
      • The Process Do-Loop
    • Determinism
    • Communication
      • SEND and ENDCHANNEL
      • RECEIVE
    • Variable-Sized Messages
    • Communication Examples
    • Dynamic Channel Structures
    • Argument Passing
    • Nondeterministic Computations
      • The MERGER Statement
      • The PROBE Statement
    • Mapping
      • Virtual Computers
      • Process Placement
      • Submachines
  • Compiling, Running, and Debugging
    • Compiling and Linking Programs
      • C Preprocessor
      • Fortran M Compiler and Linker
      • Syntax Errors
    • Running and Debugging Programs
  • Further Reading
• Advanced Topics
  • Makefile
  • Tuning Fortran M Programs
• Appendices
• IOSTAT values
• Obtaining the Fortran M Compiler
• Supported Machines
• Reserved Words
• Deficiencies
• Futures Plans
• Fortran M Language Definition
  • Syntax
    • Process, Process Block, Process Do-loop
    • New Declarations
    • New Executable Statements
    • Mapping
    • Restrictions
  • Concurrency
  • Channels
  • Nondeterminism
  • Mapping
• Index
• About this document ...